Reality Television Does More Harm Than Good Essay

1. Economy Reality TV stimulates the economy The Reality TV industry produces a stimulus for the economy. â€Å"If I pay a reality star 1/50 of what I’d pay Johnny Depp, my return is going to come back much quicker,† said Mark Young, a professor at USC’s Marshall School of Business. Judge, this is obviously a huge good that come out of reality TV. CNN reports that reality TV decreases unemployment rates in the US. â€Å"Career Makeover, a new series that promises to tap into the frustrating low points of millions of today’s out-of-work and underemployed Americans. The show will give viewers something that’s perhaps more telling than the government’s eagerly-awaited monthly employment report.† According to Washington Post, winning big on a reality television cooking show has helped catapult the careers of even established chefs. As Geoffrey Zakarin, a food network iron chef, stated â€Å"TV is the gigantic tide that lifts all boats† Advertising is also a huge factor since Tens of Millions of people watch reality TV- TIME Advertising†¦.as most know occurs during the show in the middle of small breaks between the show. Heres the twist. Reality TV has advertising inside the show. New York Times—->It is typically easier to weave a product into an episode of a reality show like â€Å"American Idol† or â€Å"Survivor† than into a scripted series like â€Å"Grey’s Anatomy† or â€Å"Two and a Half Men.† Lets give an example. Lets say there is a family in a reality tv show using a vacuum cleaner. The actors in the reality tv show would compliment the cleanliness of the vacuum cleaner and this is a form of advertising. Oregon State University—-> 23 million tuned in â€Å"Multi-Millionaire† and 51 million watched the finale of â€Å"Survivor†. This was an advertisers dream. This is why we see advertisers paying $2.1 million for sponsorship on â€Å"The Mole† The initial â€Å"Survivor† sponsors paid $4 million but â€Å"Survivor 2† price tag jumped to $12 million (Friedman, Harsh ‘Reality,’ 2000:4 & Grover, Off the Island, 2000: 48). How do the networks benefit? CBS collected about $52 million in advertising for the initial â€Å"Survivor† (Grover, Off the Island, 2000: 48). ABC’s â€Å"Millionaire† brought up it’s operating income by 33% (Lacter, â€Å"Blair Witch TV, 2000:64). The impact is that reality TV not only creates jobs and boosts employment rates, but it also boosts the economy and businesses through advertising. 2. It helps society Reality TV is an easy way to make money and stimulate the economy. It costs very little to run and It is cheap. It gives oppurtunities for many of the unemployed. As we said in our 1st contention, Career Makeover is giving oppurtunities. We have to take advantage. These shows teach others how to do different things. For example, Yankee Workshop teaches about building and constructing. American Idol and America’s Got talent shows the love of music. The Impact is that If you lose, you got an opportunity and if you win, you win an oppurtunity. According to Martha Airth-Kindree, executive director of  the Mile Bluff Medical Center Foundation, â€Å"Scores of people have been inspired by â€Å"The Biggest Loser†. † The popular reality television show is the inspiration for a new weight-loss program in Juneau County According to an article written by Dr. Michelle Golland, a mental health professional, she believes that reality tv can be a good thing. As she states in her article, the shows â€Å"Intervention† and â€Å"Obsessed† bring us into the lives of people suffering with mental health problems, drug and alcohol addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. â€Å"Intervention† helps treat people who seek help on the show and also pays for their treatment, which many of them may otherwise be unable to afford. It also allows us to witness the damage inflicted on every person in an addict’s life and the devastating impact on them. This show can help those who view it to realize they need help, or encourage a family member to stage their own intervention with the help of a professional, which they may never have had the courage to do until watching it on TV. â€Å"Obsessed† is a painful display of people who have severe anxieties and are seeking treatment for them. The impact is that Reality TV helps society by helping the economy, teaching different things, inspiration for better health, and showing the world the lives of those with health problems. i accept your definitions and weighing mechanism so i will start with my contentions Contention 1: The sheer number of reality programmes is now driving TV producers to create filthier, more corrupt reality shows. Reality TV is actually getting worse as the audience becomes more and more used to the genre. In a search for ratings and media coverage, shows are becoming ever more vulgar and offensive, trying to find new ways to shock. When the British Big Brother was struggling for viewers in 2003, its producers responded by attempting to shock the audience that little bit more. â€Å"Big Brother† programmes have also shown men and women having sex on live TV, all in a desperate grab for ratings to justify their continued existence. Others have involved fights and racist bullying. Do we let things continue until  someone has to die on TV to boost the ratings? Contention 2: Reality TV encourages people to pursue celebrity status, and discourages the value of hard work and an education. Reality shows send a bad message and help to create a cult of instant celebrity. They are typically built about shameless self-promotion, based on humiliating others and harming relationships for the entertainment of each other and the viewers at home. These programmes suggest that anyone can become famous just by getting on TV and â€Å"being themselves†, without working hard or having any particular talent. Kids who watch these shows will get the idea that they don’t need to study hard in school, or train hard for a regular job. As John Humphrys points out, ‘we tell kids what matters is being a celebrity and we wonder why some behave the way they do. As American lawyer Lisa Bloom fears, ‘addiction to celebrity culture is creating a generation of dumbed-down women. Reality shows encourage such addictions and promote the generally m isguided belief that they should aspire to be the reality stars they watch on their televisions. Contention 3: Reality shows make for bad, lazy and corrupting television, encouraging such behaviour in society. They mostly show ordinary people with no special talents doing very little. If they have to sing or dance, then they do it badly – which doesn’t make for good entertainment. They rely on humiliation and conflict to create excitement. Joe Millionaire, where a group of women competed for the affections of a construction worker who they were told was a millionaire, was simply cruel. The emotions of the contestants were considered expendable for the sake of making viewers laugh at their ignorance. Furthermore, the programmes are full of swearing, crying and argument, and often violence, drunkenness and sex. This sends a message to people that this is normal behaviour and helps to create a crude, selfish society. One American reality show, â€Å"Are You Hot?†, in which competitors submit to a panel of judges for ‘appearance-rating’, was blamed by eating disorder experts as encouraging the notion that ‘appearance is the most important. Contention 4: Reality TV is dishonest – it pretends to show â€Å"reality† but it  actually distorts the truth to suit the programme makers. The shows are not really â€Å"real† – they are carefully cast to get a mix of â€Å"characters† who are not at all typical. Mostly they show a bunch of young, good-looking self-publicists, who will do anything to get on TV. Usually the programme makers try to ensure excitement by picking people who are likely to clash with each other. They then place them in unnatural situations, such as the Big Brother house or the Survivor island, and give them strange challenges in order to provoke them into behaving oddly. In The Bachelor, where a group of women compete for the affections of an eligible male, the ‘intimate dates’ they go on are filmed in front of any number of camera; that is not reality (Poniewozik, 2003). Finally the makers film their victims for hundreds of hours from all angles, but only show the most dramatic parts. Selective editing may be used to create â€Å"storylines† and so further manipulate the truth of what happened.

Analyzing “Frankenstein” †Formalist Perspective Essay

The formalist method of literary criticism is primarily focused on the text itself, rather than external topics such as history and background, the author’s biographical information, or the social contexts which surround a piece of work. In the formalist perspective, we ask ourselves, why did the author choose to write his or her work in this specific style? Why did he or she choose to include certain literary elements? â€Å"What matters most to the formalist critic is how the work comes to mean what it does–how its resources of language are deployed by the writer to convey meaning† (DiYanni 2076). A reader can employ the formalist method to decipher many meanings in Mary Shelley’s classic text Frankenstein. Shelley uses setting, foreshadowing, point of view, and characterization so that the reader can gain a sense of suspense and anticipation, which are all essential to the book’s distinctive gothic mood and tone. A fundamental factor of the formalist outlook is the setting of the text. Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein† has a very dark, gloomy setting that reflects the hideousness of the monster and society’s reaction to him, as well as our own. A very important factor of the setting is the weather: â€Å"Our situation was somewhat dangerous, especially as we were compassed round by a very thick fog.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (page 8). The description gives the reader a feeling of interaction with the characters in the novel and with the environment also. The narrative generates a sense of suspense that entrances the reader. The text itself relies on the setting because the reader needs to feel the emotions arising from the novel and that’s why Mary Shelley integrated this into the story using the creature’s monstrosity and nature as an element of anticipation. As a result, these components are crucial to the book’s triumph. In chapter ten, we see how Victor reacts to his surroundings. While at Chamounix Valley, he feels consolation at the nature that surrounds him. At the same time, he notes that the landscape is characterized by disorder and destruction: the valley is plagued by constant avalanches, and it often seems that the mountains themselves will crash down on Victor’s head. â€Å"The ascent is precipitous†¦It is a scene terrifically desolate†¦where trees lie broken and strewed on the ground†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (page 93). As though he wanted to  conquer the mountains that are so dangerously overwhelming, he climbed to the top of Montanvert, one of the region’s most forbidding glaciers. While at the top, Victor begins to feel the massive power nature has over man. While Victor is undergoing a major change in his perspective, we see what effect the setting has on him. Victor being at the top of such a dangerous glacier also foreshadows the coming of danger. When the monster shows up, the reader begins to speculate as to what kind of confrontation Victor is going to have with the monster. If this same meeting between Victor and the Monster were set in a field of flowers, we would definitely have a completely different idea of the text, and it would change the story incredibly. The immense snow coverage, high altitude, and the dangers of the glacier give the reader a better understanding of the text. Mary Shelley’s novel left an impression on its readers because of its dark tone. She used deliberately used foreshadowing as a method of enticing the reader and drawing them into her suspenseful story. The story of â€Å"Frankenstein† starts off with Robert Walton’s string of letters to his sister, Margaret Saville. Walton’s letters utilize a literary device called framing, which sets up the major premise of the novel. The use of multiple narratives calls the reader’s attention to the telling of the story, adding layers of complexity to the intricate relationship between author and reader. As Walton listens to Victor’s story, so does his sister. As his sister reads Victor’s story, so does the reader. By using the framing method, Shelley may have been trying to link her novel to the oral tradition of telling ghost stories which inspired her to write her own novel. In addition to setting the scene for the telling of Victor’s narrative, Walton’s letters introduce an important character: Walton himself. Walton’s second letter introduces the idea of loss and loneliness, as Walton complains that he has no friends with whom to share his triumphs and failures, no sensitive ear to listen to his dreams and ambitions. Walton turns to Victor as the friend he has always wanted. His search for companionship parallels the monster’s desire for a mate later in the novel. â€Å"But I have one want which I have never been yet to satisfy†¦I have no friend, Margaret: when I am glowing with the enthusiasm of success, there will be none to participate my joy; if I am assailed by disappointment, no  one will endeavour to sustain me in dejection†¦I desire the company of a man who could sympathize with me, whose eyes would reply to mine.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (page 18). This similarity between man and monster becomes clearer as the novel progresses. It suggests that the two may not be as different as they seem. Framing helps the reader find the interrelation among the characters and come up with observations that would be concealed in other circumstances. The framing technique also makes the story more compelling because Walton will eventually see the monster at the end of the novel. The story about the creature would just be a story, if not for Walton’s personal encounter with Frankenstein and his creation. Shelley uses Walton and the framing perspective to add validity to the novel. Another important part of analyzing using the formalist perspective is looking at characters’ relationships and roles in the novel. Most obviously, in Frankenstein, there is the creator, Victor Frankenstein, and the creation, the monster. But what do these roles mean? A creator is one who brings something into existence; Victor literally creates the monster’s body piece by piece and it becomes his sole obsession in his scientific career, but Victor stops there. Once the monster’s body is created, it is abandoned, physically and mentally. This is where Victor fails his role as a creator; he fails to see through the full development and process of his creation. If Victor had taken the role of a mentor or father and helped his creation develop mentally, he and the monster would have been united in the book instead of becoming bitter enemies. Instead Victor repeatedly turns away, rejects, and loathes the monster: â€Å"My abhorrence of this fiend could not be concei ved!†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (page 81). The monster however tries to fulfill his role as creation as much as possible. He is trusting in his creator, until he realizes that he has been abandoned and what he is to society â€Å"Was I, then, a monster, a blot upon the earth, from which all men fled and whom all men disowned?† Still yet, the monster realizes that as his creator, Victor is obligated to endow some happiness upon his creation: â€Å"Do you duty towards me, and I will do mine towards you and the rest of mankind.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ (page 89). The monster now recognizes himself as a monster, but still knows it is Victor’s duty to aid him, and sadly concedes that society will never accept him for anything because of his appearance. One of the other roles portrayed  in Frankenstein is that of Master and Slave. Unlike the creator and creation roles, this relationship changes during the course of the novel. In the beginning of the novel, Frankenstein was working for himself and created the monster for the advancement of science. The monster had no power because he was dumped and abandoned in an unknown world; he barely knows what to eat at this point. Victor still lived in his society with his friends and allies. Later in the book, the balance of power begins to shift as the monster recognizes the great physical power he has, because Victor created it to be better that himself. Also Victor begins to find his power slipping when he cannot begin to turn to his friends and family because of what he has created and done. However, when the two meet, the power switches. The monster proceeds to tell his tale and uses his power of persuasion to use Victor. When Victor quits the female creation, the monster becomes supreme. During this period, Victor has almost no control because he created the monster to be better than himself, as the monster realizes early on. The monster knows that Victor cannot escape or keep up with him, thus is very open with his attacks against Victor. He knows that there is no retribution worse then the misery and hatred he has already experienced (and that was just for being created). Thus, he has nothing to lose; he shows Victor his supremacy by killing Elizabeth while Victor is in the house, and then escaping completely unscathed. During the scene in the graveyard, though, the power shifts once more between the two. The entire scene is filled with irony as the creation scoffs at the creator. The man of science invokes â€Å"spirits of the dead† and â€Å"wandering ministers of vengeance,† and the creator vows to destroy his creation. From this point on, the monster and Frankenstein are locked in a race towards oblivion. Neither have anything to lose, while both have all they have left in life to gain. The final satisfaction of the annihilation of the other and the peace of death is all that lay ahead of them. Victor becomes the haunting and trailing harasser to the monster. Neither have anyone to help them on their journey. The monster has destroyed all of Victor’s support, and in doing so, assured that he shall never be accepted by anyone. They have nothing left in their lives accept hatred for one another and thus, follow this hatred blindly into nothingness. Another trend in reading the story is Frankenstein’s lack of recognizing the creature as his own–in essence, not giving the monster his name–. This is the creature’s root problem. The monster is called plenty of names by his creator, from at best, â€Å"the accomplishment of my toils† to â€Å"wretch,† â€Å"miserable monster,† and â€Å"filthy demon.† The monster possesses familiar impulses to seek knowledge and companionship, but he has no name, and therefore, no identity. So, he cannot obtain these basic things he so longs for, which leads to his problems. â€Å"Monster† is extremely harsh, but is the first thing introduced into our frame of mind. The monster does not even give himself a name other than what has been previously stated. Sympathy for the anonymous being and our confusion of creator and created, as well as our interest in depicting the creature’s human side indicate an unconscious acknowledgement of Frankenstein. Walton notes the possibility of living a â€Å"double existence† representing as a self-divided mind in conflict with itself. The monster and his creator are two halves of the same being. Shelley doesn’t give the monster a name to clearly point out the contradictions but also, the connections between Frankenstein and his creation. Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein is an innovative work that weaves a tale of passion, misery, dread, and remorse that personifies the gothic novel. The mood for Frankenstein is set from the very first pages of the story. In a gothic novel, the setting is usually dark and brooding. The setting can bring about feelings of short-lived happiness, loneliness, isolation, and despair. Shelley’s writing shows how the varied and dramatic settings of Frankenstein can create this gloomy atmosphere and tone. The â€Å"dreary night of November,† where the monster first comes to life is a defining moment in the dramatic tale. Shelley can sustain the mood and create a distinct picture and it is admirable the way she begins to foreshadow coming danger. Shelley writes so that the reader sees and feels these scenes taking permanent hold on the memory. She also uses the framing perspective to add realism to the story. We, as the reader, are actually transported into the story through this method of point of view. We are seeing Frankenstein’s amazing tale through the words of Robert Walton and through the eyes of Margaret Saville. The connection between the two main characters,  Frankenstein and the monster, is crucial to the story’s success as well. The dynamic shifts, bonds, rifts that grow between these two set the pace and conflict throughout the story. We are able to notice how Victor’s own actions, as well as the monster’s choices, greatly determine the flow and direction of the novel. Had, for example, Frankenstein followed through and nurtured the monster (maybe giving it a name, at the least), they both would have become a great asset to society, instead of a menace. The uses of foreshadowing, point of view, and characterization help the reader to experience the life in which Frankenstein is accustomed to. The author depicts the time period, mood, and tone with the use of setting and plot structure, which is necessary to the understanding of the novel.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Free Higher Education Essay

College and university education has become very important in today’s life. Wherever you see an advertisement for job, there is some certain criteria for certain posts. For example for marketing executive employers prefer MBA Marketing person, for eye surgeons hospitals prefer oculist. Without a college degree a person is unqualified for such posts. Some people believe that university graduates should pay the full cost of their education. Others say that university education should be free. Let’s consider advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, higher education leads to a more educated and productive workforce and it does offer some external benefits to society Also, everybody will get an equal chance to pursue higher studies, independent of their economic background and enabling merit to become the sole criteria. If the education is given free to all then admission will be given wholly on merit basis. This will result in increase in level of competition. It will be certainly beneficial to everybody those who could get admissions. Brilliant students will build a strong nation. On the other hand, if people have to pay to go to university, they would value the education more. In this situation, students motivation for achieving good performance is expected to be high. Then, if the government of a country takes policy to fully finance the college education, the government has to limit the number of colleges and universities since their budget is not limitless and it will produce many problems. And Top up fees enable more investment in universities. It will also help attract and keep the best teachers and researchers. This issue has both positive and negative sides as we saw above. The best thing will be to make the education free for those who are economically backward, are really incapable of paying fees for education but they have caliber. But education should not be made free to people who are rich and are capable paying fees for their kids. This will really help to reduce the economical differences in society as poor will be able to get good jobs.

Fraud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fraud - Essay Example ice actions that must be commenced within three years of the act or omission giving rise to the injury, or within two years of the date discovery, to a maximum of four years following the date of the act or omission. On the other hand, medical malpractice actions for objects that are left inside the body may be commenced within one year of the date of discovery, to a maximum of ten years after the date of the act giving rise to the injury. Another example that North Carolina has is about personal injury in which negligence claims must be filled within three years of the date upon which bodily harm caused by the negligent act is or should have been apparent, whichever occurs first. However, all negligence claims must be commenced within ten years of the act giving rise to the injury, regardless of the date of discovery. Obviously If I have the right to decide, I would like to add the statutory about the medical malpractice from the North Carolina State. I think it is crucial because basically doctors are still human; mistakes might occur – human error does exist. So, that particular statutory would definitely help the citizens to obtain their rights if something unexpected happens within their medical treatments. The citizens will absolutely feel secured to have such kind of statutory. Larson, Aaron (2004). Expert Law. North Carolina Statute of Limitations for Civil and Personal Injury Actions – An Overview.Retrieved from

Second Language Acquisition Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Second Language Acquisition - Assignment Example   The RANGE programs are used for the analysis of word frequencies at each vocabulary level. Among the useful functions that the program will be used for include the determination of vocabulary size, creation of wordlists, and the measurement of vocabulary load. Based on the usability and applicability of the RANGE program, it is suitable for teachers to use the output to determine vocabulary load and influence the preparation of suitable text for classwork. Additionally, based on BNC, 90% is text and 10% is spoken text as Nation (2006) puts it. The standard measures of the BNC include 14000 words whereas 16 wordlists are created. The 16word lists are set of 1000-word lists generated for 16 levels. Under each word list of 1000, the consecutive wordlist adds up to the next. Thus, at the first wordlist, 1000 words are considered while at the 5th wordlist, 5000 words are considered. In this analysis, range analysis will be taken into consideration to show how comprehensively appropria te the text is in the teaching of L2.   The nation is referenced arguing that any text should be 98% comprehendible by students given 8000 to 9000-word families. With reference to Laufer’s (2010) argument, on the other hand, indicates that a 95% coverage in written text should be treated as the standard comprehension level. Based on the two arguments from Laufer and Nation, the current Range Analysis will consider the 95% coverage recommendation by Laufer to ensure that the current text can be understood up to 95% by the students.  

Parity conditions in International Finance and Currency Forecasting Essay

Parity conditions in International Finance and Currency Forecasting - Essay Example These global investors are encouraged by the differences that exist among countries in the return rates on assets that are comparable. The theory also proposes that the exchange rate value on the foreign exchange market is affected by the transactions that are undertaken on the financial account of a country (Mukherjee, 2002). Madura, (2014) says that, the interest rate parity is an equilibrium. Why is this so? The author notes that, when the exchange and the interest rates are made to change and adjust to the forces in the market in a way that the interest arbitrage is not achievable, then an equilibrium results. The equilibrium is termed as the interest parity. Hence, when an equilibrium exists, the forward rate varies from the spot rate by an adequate extent. The variation is to such an extent that it counterbalances the interest rate differential among the countries’ currencies. For example, if an investor from the US obtains a greater rate of interest from his or her foreign investment; and he or she has to pay extra per entity of the country’s currency than what he or she obtains per entity when the country’s currency is sold forward, then there is a counterbalancing influence. Hence, if the investor has invested in the UK and the UK pound has an interest rate of 4%, while the equivalent in the US has an interest rate of 1%. Then, the two currencies’ interest rate differential is 3% (4 – 3). It implies that the interest rate differential is the profit the investors presume. However, the exchange rate must remain constant if the profit is to hold (Grath, 2011). In the example, the â€Å"pay extra per entity of the country’s currency†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is what is termed as the spot rate. While, â€Å"what he or she obtains per entity when the country’s currency is sold forward,† is known as the forward rate. Normally, when the spot rate is more than the forward rate, then a discount is in the

President Obama's Inaugural Address Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

President Obama's Inaugural Address - Essay Example In the very beginning of his address, President Obama displays this forgiving attitude when he said â€Å"I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition†. The other discernible quality of the speech is its minimal rhetoric. President Obama, having spent close to two years on the campaign trail – initially for the primaries and later for the Presidency – might have been excused if he had resorted to the usual rhetorical flourishes. Breaking away from this tendency, the speech focused more on substance than style. The speech is also informed by historical context. For example, toward the beginning of the address, President Obama says â€Å"Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms†¦We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents. So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans†. This passage perfectly illustrates how the new President weaved aspects of t he past and present in revealing his vision for the country’s future. The usage of the phrase ‘We the people’ is a particularly clever implementation, for it connects the present historic moment to the event of the Declaration of Independence nearly three centuries ago. On the flip side, one could argue that the inaugural address was not the most inspiring speech Mr. Obama had delivered in his political life. The speech that he gave in the 2004 Democratic convention brought him widespread attention. The force and spirit of that landmark speech is not matched in the inaugural address. Probably, the gravity of the current economic crisis and the restraint of high office might have had a subduing effect. On the positive side, the speech was

Compare and contrast of ncaa and nfl football Essay

Compare and contrast of ncaa and nfl football - Essay Example When an end zone is reached, a turnover is forced by a team, the ball is punt away or the ball is lost on downs. In both NFL and NCAA, team members may fail to achieve ten yards during the four downs, and they are expected to turn the ball over to the opposing team. In this situation, the teams punt the ball away to the opposing team on fourth down; hence, the opposing team has to struggle in scoring a touchdown. Teams in these games have a common objective of getting into the opposing team’s end zone in order to score six points that are referred to as touchdown. Alternatively, they have an option of kicking a field goal to score three points, in situation where they are unable to reach the end zone. Both NFL and NCAA apply two common methods in the play, which include passing the ball to a receiver or running back with the ball. Lastly, both games are played on a field of the same size; 100 yards long with a ten-yard end zone and 53 1/3-yards wide. According to ESPN AMERICA (1), the first difference relates to the playing field, whereby NFL’s field has one-yard hash mark running down the middle of the gridiron, and is aligned to the goal post, seventy feet and nine inches from each side. On the other hand, in NCAA, the hash marks are set wide apart with sixty feet from the side, hence making a wider field to one side, and increased angles for the field goals, when the ball is spotted on the hash. The other difference relates to the goal post widths, whereby, NCAA has uprights that are 23’ 4† apart, while in NFL has a width of 18’ 6†. The ball used in NCAA has white a stripe around the ends in order to make it more visible when in flight during the night, but in NFL, the stripe is absent. In addition, in NCAA, the downed runner, carrying the ball is classed as down when any part of his body except his boots and hands are touching the ground. However, in NFL, a player is downed when touched as he goes to the ground or on the

Research summary Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary - Research Paper Example Vascular lesion is considered as its leading cause, but scholars believe that trauma and tumors may also result in AOS. In AOS, there is loss of control in articulation resulting in reduced ability to sequence, time and coordinate the phonemes that lead to speech errors. The articulation is disrupted due to damage in central nervous system. It is characterized by persistent dysprosody or speech having abnormal rhythm, stress and intonation with repeated utterances in order to become articulate. It is often confused with Aphasia or conduction aphasia and Dysarthria. While Aphasia highlights language deficit and cannot select correct phonemes but has speech continuity, AOS uses correct phonemes but cannot articulate due to motor deficiency and therefore, speech is halting and repetitive. On the other hand, Dysarthria affects articulation due to muscle impairment while AOS has linguistic error is due to lack of motor control. There is more than one type of AOS as defined by the damages in different part of brain. The treatment is often focused on speech articulation therapy that is designed to improve intonation and stress through repetition of words and speech sound. Augmentative devices and alternative means like gestures, drawing, writing etc. are used for severe AOS patients. The research shows that efficacy of treatment mainly relies on experimental designs as per the needs of the patients. The study is hugely significant because it has helped to distinguish it from the various other forms of speech disorders. Most importantly, clear diagnosis has helped clinicians to address its intervention techniques. I strongly believe that the paper encourages more in depth study of the subject so that new variant of AOS could be identified. AOS is complex in its characterization and causes. As such, it necessitates early deduction so that patients can use appropriate intervention to bring under control the

The Teach for America helps the education reform Essay

The Teach for America helps the education reform - Essay Example ugh the TFA wants to make the best reforms for the American educational system, critics argue that the short duration training is not enough for the corps members. This has brought forth the debate as to whether or not the TFA is indeed making a positive change in the society or if it is making matters worse by giving students inexperienced teachers to guide them. Teach For America (TFA) is a non-profit organization that was founded in 1989 by Wendy Kopp. The organization operates on the motto: â€Å"One day, all children in this nation will have the opportunity to attain an excellent education† and is driven by its mission: â€Å"To eliminate educational inequality by enlisting high-achieving recent college graduates and professionals to teach for two years in low-income communities throughout the United States.† In its first year of operation, TFA recruited and placed 500 teachers in various schools across the nation. The number has risen by over 50% over the decades. As suggested in its mission; the TFA recruits college graduates and professionals to teach in urban and rural communities throughout the US for two consecutive years. The recruits are known as corps members, and they do not have to be certified teachers (Tulenko 20). The corps members in TFA are cheaper so that they will give pressure to the tenure teachers to improve teaching performances.  Most of the TFA corps members are fresh college graduates who are eager to make a change in the society. Majority of them are hoping that they will be in a position to help the underprivileged students form low income families to get better grades. Many of them are liable to hearsay about the training program offered by the TFA and how it is aimed at making positive educational reforms. They are also aware of the fact that they will be placed in jobs at various schools across their country. Unaware of the problems that they will encounter due to poor training, they enroll for the program. Once they have

Young Girls Gone Wild Essay Example for Free

Young Girls Gone Wild Essay A crowd of young girls watched in awe when the lives of people in their town were cut short as they hanged, lifeless and cold their feet dangling just feet above the ground. One young lady was even smirking at the horrid sight as she came to realize her extreme actions had paid off. This young lady was Abigail Williams. Abigail was a 17 year-old girl. Through Abigail Williams a girl in The Crucible, the author, Arthur Miller describes his perception of young females during the time of the Salem Witch Trials making them out to be selfish, attention seeking, and manipulative individuals who are willing to go to great lengths to get what they want. Whether it be dancing around a fire, accusing others of witch craft, or inflicting self-harm, Abigail’s outrageous actions would were a major contribution to the chaos in the town of Salem. There are many different events in the play that show how teenage girls act during the time of the Salem Witch Trials. But all the chaos in the town of Salem seemed to have started with a few young girls. One particular young lady that comes to mind is Abigail Williams. She went against the rules of the town and was caught dancing and singing in the woods, which was thought to be extremely bad during this time. It all began when Abby cried out â€Å"I saw Sara good with the devil! I saw goody Osborn with the devil, I saw Bridget Bishop with the devil!† (Miller 1235). Abby’s claims along with some other odd events sent the town into complete pandemonium. Abby’s questionable actions; dancing, singing, accusing others of witch craft, give the reader room to make assumptions about the characteristics of adolescent girls right from the start of the play. A specific event took place later act in act one. There had always been tension between Abby and Elizabeth. Elizabeth was the wife of John Proctor and had been suspicious of the relationship between Abby and John for some time. After a scandalous conversation took place involving John and Abby, and more and more people started being accused, Elizabeth began to come to conclusions abo ut the real motive behind all the accusations. When speaking with her husband about Abby’s intentions, Elizabeth explains to Mr. Proctor,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She wants me dead John, and you know it† (Miller 1240). Elizabeth has no doubts in her mind regarding Abigail’s ill intentions. She knows that Abby would be willing to take extreme actions to replace her as Mr. Proctor’s wife. At this point in the play Elizabeth looks to prove to John that the young 17 year-old girl was out to get her. This is just another way Arthur Miller coveys his thoughts about young women during this period of time, it shows Abby as self-centered and crazy. At the end of Act II, Elizabeth’s greatest fear had become true; she had been arrested for witch craft because of a claim made by Abigail Williams. At the beginning of the act Marry Warren has a poppet, which is a term for a handmade doll and hands it over to Abby. For Abby, this was the perfect opportunity to set up Elizabeth due to the fact that Marry Warren lives with the Proctor Family. When Marry isn’t looking Abby sticks a needle in the poppet and leaves it in the Proctor house. Just moments later Hale comes forward with shocking news that â€Å"Abigail were stabbed tonight, a needle was found stuck in her belly† (Miller 1246). Later the needle is found in the Poppet at the Proctor house giving strong evidence to Abby’s claim, that Elizabeth stabbed her. Clearly Abby was plotting the arrest of Goody Proctor and she went as far as stabbing herself to get Elizabeth in trouble. Even an online source can agree that the message Miller is sending about young women is anything but positive, writers of an online article say â€Å"Abigail’s cunning is shown again in Act II when she frames Elizabeth Proctor for witch craft. Later in Act III she even accuses Proctor who she claims to love†(Shmoop). Although Abby is willing to justify stabbing her own self to be with Proctor, she still is quick to accuse him. This makes it clear that nothing was going to stop Abby from getting what she wanted. This quote also makes her sound delusional because she was okay with harming someone that she claimed to love. This is just another strong piece of evidence to prove the Arthur thought of young women as manip ulative. As the play goes on Miller continues to convey his opinions or gender bias through Abby Williams. Different events continued to take place bringing the teenage girls into the spotlight. They seemed to be the center of attention for various reasons, but this did not seem to bother them in the least. Abby bring drama to the town once again as she cries out to the court room, â€Å"I have been near murdered every day because I had done my duty pointing out the devils people-and this is my  reward? To be mistrusted, denied, and questioned like-â€Å" (Miller 1258). Abby is yet again playing the role of the victim. The people in the court start to become more aware of her vindictive behavior. She seems to always worry about herself which again, proves that Miller was trying to convey that young women were self-centered and manipulative. Toward the end of the play Abby began to realize that people were starting to catch onto her devious ways. Miller revealed â€Å"Abigail stole much of her uncle’s money in hopes of escaping with Proctor† (Slader). The online source was describing her selfish ways by Abby taking a huge portion of her Uncles money, who had raised her, her entire life, to save her own self. This is just another quote that justifies Millers point of view of girls during the Salem Witch Trials. They were manipulative, self-centered, and crazy. There is no denying the way Miller felt about young teenage girls in Salem in the late 1600’s. His perspective on adolescent females during this time is clearly displayed through the character Abigail Williams. There are many pieces of strong evidence to support the claim of Millers gender bias and the actions Abigail takes are proof that the girls were manipulative, self-centered, and attention seeking.

The Darkness Out There Essay Example for Free

The Darkness Out There Essay In this essay I am going to compare the differences and similarities between, the opening chapter of a nineteenth century novel called Great Expectations written by Charles Dickens, and a modern short story called The Darkness Out There written by Penelope Lively.  Great Expectations is a child-hood memory, told by an adult. The story is about a young orphan called Pip, who lived with his sister, and his brother in law who is the towns blacksmith. Pip does a good deed one night for a convict who has escaped prison. This is not mentioned after a while in the story. Pip then finds out that he has a benefactor who has left him a large sum of money to live with in the capital city, London. Pip wished to be a gentlemen when he was young, the benefactor helped make this wish come true. Whilst living in London Pip begins to forget his roots and look down upon people who are of lower status to him. Later on in the novel Pip discovers that his secret benefactor is the convict he helped when he was a youth. The Darkness Out There is about a young girl called Sandra who has high hopes for her future; in the story Sandra joins a club, which helps the elderly in her community. She and another boy meet an old woman called Mrs. Rutter who lives in a small cottage near a place called; Packers End. In the story Sandra finds out many things about Mrs. Rutter, which is in contrast to her outward appearance. In the story Sandra and her friend discovers many secrets about her life as a young woman during the war. Sandra later teaches herself a lesson; not to judge people by their appearance or how they treat you. The setting in the opening paragraphs of Great Expectations is in a graveyard; bleak place overgrown with nettles was the churchyard it is a dark and isolated flat wilderness. The setting reflects how Pip is feeling; he is very cold and in a highly emotional state. And that the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry, was Pip. The story The Darkness Out There opens with a sunny pleasant setting; she walked through flowers, the girl, ox-eye daises and vetch and cow parsley, keeping to the track at the sedge of the field, this is in contrast to the title, which involves darkness. Packers End, is where most of is told, is also in contrast to the bright sunny opening setting; The dark reach of spinney came right to the gate there so that she would have to walk by the edge Sandra is afraid of Packers End; You didnt go by yourself through Packers End if you could help it, not after tea-time, anyway. Many rumours were told about Packers End. When Sandra was young she believed that Witches and wolves and tigers. Sometimes theyd go there for a dare. As a child she grew afraid of Packers End. As she got older the rumours changed to ghosts of German pilots who were left there to die! She wouldnt go there for a thousand pounds. Pip is a young orphan who is living with his sister and brother-in-law; both his parents have died they died was Pip was a very young child. We know this because Pip does not know what his parents look like so he constantly visits their graves. His sister does not speak about their parents, maybe because she thinks he is too young. Pip is in search of his identity. Pip was small for his age; though I was at that time under-sized, for my years, and not strong. When Pip is in the graveyard he feels like as if he is spiritually with his entire family; which is maybe why he is at the graveyard a lot, but knowing they have passed away. Pip has a very vast or vivid imagination; we know this when he tries to picture his parents by looking at the way the names are carved out on the gravestones. To show that he gave a lot of respect to his elders, he spoke to the convict using the word sir. Pip was a brave character, because he keeps his word with the convict and also swears an oath. In the opening paragraphs Pip was very vulnerable the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and beginning to cry, was Pip. The convicts character is very aggressive; his opening line is a command. Hold your noise! Cried a terrible voice, as a man started up from among the graves at the side of the church porch. He was also in hiding before he made his appearance; he could have been watching him all along! The convict also threatens him, keep still, you little devil, or Ill cut your throat! He continues to talk aggressively. The convict has continuously threatened Pip but has never harmed him. Then later on he learns that Pip has no parents. Pip is very little compared to the convict. Near the end the convicts finds out that Pips brother-in-law is the village blacksmith, so he orders Pip to get him some food (wittles) and a file he intimidated him to do so by tilting him after each command and then at the end he threatened him by saying; Or Ill have your heart and liver out. The convict reinforces his threats by involving another man which he says is worse than him, he says that he is finding it difficult from keeping the man away from Pip. Near the end of the novel we find out the Pips benefactor is the convict himself.

System for Occupational Health and Safety Management

System for Occupational Health and Safety Management 1.1 General Overview Agape Homes Trust provides intellectual disability level care for adults in residential and day care. The trust provides services to develop individuals skills, talents and interest and assist them to live a integrated life. The manager oversees to two care centres. There is a well established management team supporting the running of the centre. The service has a clinical coordinator, a team leader, four support workers. A shortfall identified in this audit around staff training and other records has been addressed. Health and Safety System Audit report Policies and Procedures Policies and procedures are reviewed on regular basis and updated to reflect best practice, standards and legislation. Policies are in placed and documented rationally to determine skill mix and staffing levels. Roster is provided for appropriate coverage for effective delivery of services to the client at all times. The trust uses a combination of computer based planning for cares and documentation based information. The long term care plan is computer based and a printed out summary placed in front of the clients file. There is a lifestyle questionnaire for residents which provides information regarding the residents past and present likes and dislikes. Intervention are planned round those hobbies with set timeframe. Certain activities are planned out as well. Food, culture, religious beliefs are also considered. Accident records Interview with the Team leader it was found that the trust has no incident and accident record file onsite. All accident and incident reports are documentation, investigated within 24 hours of occurrence. Reported to and reviewed by the clinical coordinator. Corrective measures initiated immediately and data compiled on the data base and the paper work sent to the main office where it is kept in file. Standards NZS8134:2008 Health and Disability Services Standards are followed in policies ensuring appropriate standard comply with clients rights and services provided in a manner that clients are respected, minimises harm, facilitate choice and acknowledges persons culture, value and beliefs. Also services are effectively communicated to the residents and their whanau. ISO standard is also followed in policies where there is food handling involved and to ensure services are reliable and of quality for residents, whanau and staff. Job Description Each and every person at Agape Trust is responsible to comply with current occupational Health and Safety (OSH) legislation and safety at work. Everyone works safely at all times; uses safety equipment provided; identify hazards and report instantly; encourage others to work safely; monitoring of own health and measures to improve when necessary. Also safe evacuation of residents and others during emergency; maintain safe environment for self, staff and residents. The General Manager is to be reported of any concern regarding security or any other issues. Training Records Was unable to site the training records as it kept in the office at all times. Interview with the team leader the following information was gathered. When required or requested by team leader, be involved in on the job training and service orientation of staff and volunteers. In house health and safety training in form of induction provided to new workers and volunteers. All staff to possess a valid First Aid Certificate, participate in refresher course, external training and qualification based on certified training. Manuals Manuals on how to use equipments available and kept in files. No written safety rules developed and posted around the equipment. Little attempt is made to control hazardous points on equipment. For example the treadmill is located near the door way to the laundry. Manuals on working with equipment and hazardous substances can easily be obtained at anytime. Hazard Register Hazard Register updated and accessed easily for handling common issues, hazards, causes with controls and options to assist control. It also has tools, resources and case studies. The register consist of hazard such as slips,trips,falls, manual handling, hitting stationery objects, challenging behaviours, exposure to trauma, stress, workplace violence, workplace bullying, security, shift work and hazardous substances. The hazards recorded were minimised, eliminated or isolated. It has been updated by the General Manager and initials of each worker after reading and understanding it. Inventories All inventories are hand written in books and updated bi monthly basis by the team leader and the clinical coordinator. Inventories expiry is checked and damaged equipment replaced or fixed. The data is then transferred to the computer for records. Health and Safety System Organisational Requirement Have they been met? (No, partly, mostly, fully) Policies and Procedures Fully met Policies and procedures are checked and updated. The safety procedures are in formats that are easily understood and special communication needs of people using the building taken into consideration as well. The staffs is familiar with the health and safety arrangements at the work place. There are policies and procedures around waste management, cleaning, laundry. Emergency management and the staff are fully aware of them. Policies and procedures also in placed for safe practice and staffs are closely monitored all times. Organisational Management Mostly met There is enough qualified staff on duty at the Trust all times. The trust provides cares for highly needy clients with intellectual disability so experienced and qualified staff should be available at all time. The staff rooster is updated weekly. So the staffs have received adequate orientation and training before starting work. Accident Records Not met There are no records of previous accident records at the Trust. All accident records are sent to the main office where data is transferred to the computer and the paper stored in file. Organisational requirement. The trust should have an accident record file with previous accident records present at the premises as this may help for future references. Standards Fully Met Checking with residents, interview with team leader, staff ensured that policies support consumer rights under this standard. Residents well informed of their rights; personal privacy is protected and suffers no discrimination. Organisational Requirements The standards have been approved by Ministry of Health under the Act and set the standards for health and disability services. Standards have been reviewed yearly which includes general standards, core standards, infection prevention and control standards, restraint minimisation standards, organisational management and providing of safe environment. Job Description Fully Met All staff at the Trust has clear roles and responsibilities and their use their knowledge and skills to promote a positive health and safety culture in the workplace. As organisational and legislative requirement, each worker has to comply with safety policies and practices and their help in planning, implementing and monitoring of protective and preventative safety measures at workplace. All staff has written job descriptions and written copy of their terms and conditions of employment before commencing with the job. Training Records Not met Staff files not updated. Document such as training undertaken and completed not found. Organisational requirement Long standing staff needs their competency and skills assessed to determine the need for further training. The trust needs staff training and development programmes to maintain skills, meet the changing needs of the residents, fulfil the aims of the Trust and understanding the policies and procedures of the organisation and suitable competent to carry out their roles. The Manager should ensure that minimum mandatory training requirements for all his staff are met and updated on regular basis and records are maintained Manuals Fully Met Manual of every equipment present for safety reasons. The manuals are updated by the management on regular basis. Copies of manual printed out and placed in areas where it can be easily accessed. Hazard Register Partially Met. The Hazard Register is not updated, certain risk was identified but corrective measures still needs to be in place. The register has written confirmation of all statutory relating to fire safety and standards complied during fire drill. Organisational requirement The manager has to ensure that the risk assessment is carried out for all areas of work. To manage the identified risk that have been recorded, corrective action has to be implemented and all staff to be aware of any hazards identified and a control put in place. The Manager has to review the risk management records on regular basis. He also has to see to the events including accidents injuries and incidents of fire records and fire drills. Staff uses appropriate protective clothing and equipment suitable for the work to reduce the risk of harm and injuries to others and also to themselves. Inventories Partially Met. All inventories are recorded and later data transferred to the computer for future reference. The organisation keeps all the required inventories for safety reasons. The broken and old equipment should be discarded and replaced with the new equipment. Organisational requirement To reduce the risk of harm and safety old, broken equipment should to be replaced. 1.2 Health and Safety Systems Legislative Requirement Organisational Requirements Policies and Procedures Fully Met Policies and procedures comply with health and safety legislation for maintaining and providing safety and healthy work place, minimise risk in work practise for welfare of everyone and environment The safety procedures are in formats that are easily understood and special communication needs of people using the building taken into consideration as well. The staffs are familiar with the health and safety arrangements at the work place. Emergency management and the staff are fully aware of them. Policies and procedures also in placed for safe practice and staff are closely monitored all times. Accident Records Partially Met All organisations should have an accident record put in placed at all times. Staffs are to fill any form of accident or incident occurring at the work place. An accident record file with previous accident records should be present at the premises as this may help for future references. All accident and incident reports are documentation, investigated within 24 hours of occurrence. Reported to and reviewed by the clinical coordinator. Corrective measures initiated immediately and data compiled on the data base and the paper work sent to the main office where it is kept in file. Standards Fully Met The standards are aimed to ensure respect, protection of the rights of people at the Trust and that the standards are qualitative which provides meaning to the residents life Standards have been reviewed yearly which includes general standards, core standards, infection prevention and control standards, restraint minimisation standards, organisational management and providing of safe environment. Job Description Fully Met Staffs are qualified, competent and experienced to manage needs of intellectual disabled clients and also meet the purpose, aims and objectives of the organisation. Job description enables an individual to have authority and take up responsibilities for duties assigned. The staffs have to ensure that all legally required certificate and licences are updated and displayed when required. The organisation ensures that each staff gets proper orientation before commencing of his or her duties. Manuals Almost Met. Manuals should be in place for all staff to refer to for procedures on health and safety and corrective measures of using certain equipment. Manuals on how to use equipments available and kept in files. No written safety rules developed and posted around the equipment. Copies of manual printed out and placed in areas where it can be easily accessed. Hazard Register Partially Met Hazard register is updated and kept to carry out risk assessment of the work area. Action taken around the identified risk. Clear procedure in placed setting out the action to be taken together with reporting requirements. Significant events such as accidents, injuries, dangerous occurrence and incidents of fire are recorded and updated. Staff wears appropriate protective clothing and equipment in times of emergencies. The manager has to ensure that the risk assessment is carried out for all areas of work. To manage the identified risk that have been recorded, corrective action has to be implemented and all staff to be aware of any hazards identified and a control put in place. The Manager has to review the risk management records on regular basis. He also has to see to the events including accidents injuries and incidents of fire records and fire drills. Staff uses appropriate protective clothing and equipment suitable for the work to reduce the risk of harm and injuries to others and also to themselves. Training Records Partially Met. Promotion of safe working practice through acknowledging provision of information, training, monitoring, supervision of staff under safe working environment, fire safety, infection control, manual handling, first Aid, food safety, maintaining of equipment, personal safety at work. The Manager should ensure that minimum mandatory training requirements for all his staff are met and updated on regular basis and records are maintained. Staff needs their competency and skills assessed to determine the need for further training. Inventories Partially Met. Organisation should be up to date equipped with necessary resources at the facility to maintain health and safety. An inventories record should available at all times with expiry dates for equipment. The organisation keeps all the required inventories for safety reasons. The broken and old equipment should be discarded and replaced with the new equipment. To reduce the risk of harm and safety old, broken equipment should to be replaced. Assessment Task 2 Develop a plan for improvement to Occupational Health and Safety systems. Health and Safety System Degree of Compliance Assessment of the significance of Hazards Cost Benefit Analysis Policies and Procedures Compliance No risk – organisation meets the requirements Nil Accident Records Non Compliance properly completed accident forms and records should be kept High risk of hazard No accident records present, staff may not know how to handle on similar types of accidents as no references available. Low cost – printing of materials, buying a file and filing of documents. Standards Compliance No risk – organisation meets with all requirement Nil Job Description Compliance No risk – organisation meets with all requirements. Nil Manuals Non Compliance High risk of hazard. Most manuals are old, torn and out dated. Low cost – reprinting of manuals. Benefit would be for safeguard. Hazard Register Non Compliance no records of eliminating, isolating or minimising on file. High risk of hazard – no proper records available for future references. Proper and corrective action taken should be in place and recorded in file. Low cost – buying a folder and filing of the documents. Benefit for safeguard Training Records Non Compliance High risk of hazard – long serving staff not aware of new ideas and manage changing behaviours of clients. Staffs not up to date with training, staff personal information not complete. Medium cost – in house training for staff. A yearly staff training calendar posted in staff room to ensure all staff receives proper training. Refresher course made available for long serving staff and that they are up to date with qualification. Inventories Record Non Compliance High risk of hazard – staff may be use expired and broken equipment which may cause harm and injuries to themselves as well as to the residents. Also to reduce the risk of infection at the facility it is best for the organisation to maintain adequate resources at all times Low cost – a proper exercise book bought and all data entered in the journal which later transferred to the computer. medium cost – for the right equipment and resources such as gloves, hand wash, soaps and toilet paper and cleaning material Element 3 Size and location of the workplace The Agape Homes Trust which is known as Agape Care is a charitable organisation which is supported by local churches and provides services to highly need adults who has intellectual disability. The organisation is based in West Auckland. It is a small organisation with about 15 staff and about 25 clients. The organisation can implement corrective measures but have problems with allocated budget and resources. Financial viability of the organisation The Agape Homes Trust is a Non Government Organisation which survives on charity and is supported by local community churches. Since the cost of the strategies are small and can be catered with allocated budget. The organisation is not financially stable since it runs of charity. It can only spend small amount on money on health and safety programmes. Existing Management systems The organisation have set up templates on the computer and available polices and procedures. The clinical coordinator, manager and the team leader have the right knowledge and skills of the existing organisation system around health and safety. Commitment to ISO or other quality management practices. The organisation follows ISO and New Zealand standards which is reflected in the policies and procedures and all programmes. Overall Strategies Corrective Action Accident Records Ensuring that there are two people signing off all accidents. The team leader ensures all documents are properly filled The manager and clinical coordinator amends policies for accidents and incidents register Monitoring of Hazards Modifying ways to monitor hazards and recording them. Assigning a person to be in charge of monitoring the register. Working with team leaders, clinical coordinator and manager to develop and implement ideas. Training Conducting in house trainings for staff infection control, fire control. External training – First Aid certification and CPR training. Refresher courses – handing washing, medication competency and manual handling. Professional development training – Diploma in healthcare, Mental health, Treaty of Waitangi, rights and ethics, leadership courses. Challenging behaviour management courses. Qualification based on certificates – Diploma, NZQA qualification and certification Modification of induction training – orientation at work, interviews and appraisal. Manuals Working with team leaders and management to improve the manuals, communication styles suitable for everyone to understand. Printing out simple procedures and making attractive charts with diagram illustrations. Inventories One of the staff is assigned to keep checks on supplies and resources. The team leader checks the inventory journal at all times. Devika Chandra Kumari

Julius Caesar - Citizen Of Rome :: essays research papers

Julius Caesar-Citizen of Rome My name is Felicius Dedecus, and I live in Rome. I am a common citizen, and work in the local bakery. I am married to a charming lady named Antonia. We have been married for only a couple of months, and we do not have any children. We are not yet prepared to have a child, because we cannot financially support one. Once the bakery starts going well, we will have a child. I work during the days, and Antonia, being a lady, does not work so she could take care of the child. I begin to laugh, when I imagine a woman working somewhere other than in the kitchen. It would be quite an odd sight. I hear people shouting. It seems to be coming from the Capitol. I am heading towards there, to find out the reason for all of this commotion. The greatest man that I have ever known is dead. His name was Caesar, and he was a beloved benefactor and a hero. He defeated Pompey's sons, and would do anything to benefit Rome. Rome will never profit from this man again, for he was stabbed by a sword. Honorable Brutus, his best friend, helped in the killing of Caesar. All actions of this noble man, in the past, have been admirable. I am at the Forum, and the funeral for beloved Caesar is about to take place. Brutus will explain his reasons for murdering Caesar, which will surely be logical. Then, Mark Antony will be delivering a speech, and conducting the funeral rites. The funeral speech, or Laudatio Funebris, is a common Roman custom. This funeral promises to be chaotic, and I am not sure what is to come for Rome. Brutus is about to speak. My co-worker at the local bakery, Ragorius, says aloud what many of us Roman citizens are thinking. He says, "We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied." I am anxious to hear Brutus' speech, for I am very curious to hear the justification of the murder. Had anyone else killed Caesar, in no circumstance, would I have listened to their speech. However, Brutus is reputable, and his dignified presence gets him replies upon his request. He asks us, "Be patient till the last . . . hear me for mine cause and be silent." When Brutus said this, I immediately obeyed him. He says, ". Julius Caesar - Citizen Of Rome :: essays research papers Julius Caesar-Citizen of Rome My name is Felicius Dedecus, and I live in Rome. I am a common citizen, and work in the local bakery. I am married to a charming lady named Antonia. We have been married for only a couple of months, and we do not have any children. We are not yet prepared to have a child, because we cannot financially support one. Once the bakery starts going well, we will have a child. I work during the days, and Antonia, being a lady, does not work so she could take care of the child. I begin to laugh, when I imagine a woman working somewhere other than in the kitchen. It would be quite an odd sight. I hear people shouting. It seems to be coming from the Capitol. I am heading towards there, to find out the reason for all of this commotion. The greatest man that I have ever known is dead. His name was Caesar, and he was a beloved benefactor and a hero. He defeated Pompey's sons, and would do anything to benefit Rome. Rome will never profit from this man again, for he was stabbed by a sword. Honorable Brutus, his best friend, helped in the killing of Caesar. All actions of this noble man, in the past, have been admirable. I am at the Forum, and the funeral for beloved Caesar is about to take place. Brutus will explain his reasons for murdering Caesar, which will surely be logical. Then, Mark Antony will be delivering a speech, and conducting the funeral rites. The funeral speech, or Laudatio Funebris, is a common Roman custom. This funeral promises to be chaotic, and I am not sure what is to come for Rome. Brutus is about to speak. My co-worker at the local bakery, Ragorius, says aloud what many of us Roman citizens are thinking. He says, "We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied." I am anxious to hear Brutus' speech, for I am very curious to hear the justification of the murder. Had anyone else killed Caesar, in no circumstance, would I have listened to their speech. However, Brutus is reputable, and his dignified presence gets him replies upon his request. He asks us, "Be patient till the last . . . hear me for mine cause and be silent." When Brutus said this, I immediately obeyed him. He says, ".

Flaws of Case Study and Experimental Method Research in Psychology :: Psychology

Psychology is a type of science because psychologists share a basic assumption with all other scientists. Psychology methods can range from simple to complex. There are several research methods in psychology, and the outcome is relatively different for each. Each method studies and tests different situations. â€Å"The goals of psychologist are to make predictions about the conditions that gave rise to them, and then use that knowledge to predict and possibly to control events in the future†. (Stephen F.Davis, 2007) Case study uses information obtained from one person or a few people to illuminate the behaviors of others and suggest further research. Sigmund Freud popularized case study along with his psychonalytic theory of personality. A major advantage of the case study is that focussed on one person allows researchers to gather a great deal of detailed information. The goal of a case study is to use the information gathered from one person to understand the behaviors of others. â€Å"The case study is often used by used by psychologist in order to research into aspects of the human psyche.† (Keirs, 2009) Psychologist use experiments, interviews, questionnaires, observations, diaries, and psychometric tests are used within a case study. There are two basic types of case study; retrospective and longitudinal. In retrospective, your information comes from the history of the person you are studying. If it were a person who was being studied, you would have been to interview the person about their childhood and their family, as a result developed a report of their life and early life. In contrast longitudinal, investigates the future. They research consequences of a certain situation that has happened. The key feature in the case study method is subject matter. The subject matter is usually a person or an animal. Much like experimental case study, it often uses variables. As with any other method, it has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantage of case study is the ecological validity of it. The information that is used in these studies is from real life environment. The information is good information because the research is so in depth. The research if often very useful. There are also disadvantages and potential disadvantages. One main disadvantage is case studies usually relate to one individual, and what applies to you may not apply to me. Replication would not be easy with case study because of the unique situations. â€Å"The experimental

The Relationship Between Emergency Management and Higher Education Essa

Emergency management has been in the process of transforming itself into a recognized profession over the past several decades. During the last quarter of the 20th century, training and experience in preparing for, responding to and recovering from disasters and hazardous incidents were considered the path to becoming an emergency manager; the title was not always there but the responsibilities were shouldered by someone who took responsibility for those functions. Since the late 1990’s, the field of emergency management has expanded to include programs of higher education which have added a much needed third dimension to that progression. What was once considered the domain of civil protection specialists, such as retired military personnel and fire fighters, is now just as likely to be filled by a graduate of a university emergency management (EM) program or one of the intensive credentialing programs offered in the United States. The shift towards the professionalization of emergency management can be credited to that added educational dimension as well as to the concurrent shift from primarily a reactive role, response and recovery, to a proactive role of managing the processes of the whole disaster cycle, i.e. mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. In other words, the emphasis is now on â€Å"management† and not just on the â€Å"emergency† (Britton, 2001, p.46). By addressing the management of the disaster cycle and not focusing on just the emergency, the realm of the emergency manager has expanded to include a diverse yet connected set of skills and knowledge. Implementation of successful mitigations projects for example, require a scientifically sound hazard and vulnerability analysis which should be based on applica... ...0B96C927794AF1031D9395C5C20)~A_new_emergency_management_for_the_new_millennium.pdf/$file/A_new_emergency_management_for_the_new_millennium.pdf Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). (2007). Principles of Emergency Management Supplement. Accessed at http://training.fema.gov/.../edu/docs/emprinciples/Principles%20of%20Emergency%20Management%20Brochure.doc FEMA Emergency Management Institute. (2012). The College List. Accessed at http://www.training.fema.gov/emiweb/edu/collegelist/ Goss, K. (2011). Foundation for Higher Education Accreditation in Emergency Management. History and Benefits. Accessed at http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/docs/Foundation%20of%20EM%20-%20FFHEA%20-%20History%20and%20Benefits.pdf Schneider, R.O. (2003). A Strategic overview of the â€Å"New† Emergency Manager. Accessed on 4/26/2012 at http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/pracpaper.asp

Swot Analysis of Network Rail

SWOT Analysis Strengths: Network Rail took over ownership by buying Railtrack plc, which was in railway administration, from the Railtrack Group plc for ? 500 million in 2002. Railtrack had become subject to broad-based and persistent criticism, notably over cost escalations and delays with the West Coast Main Line modernisation and the circumstances surrounding accidents at Southall (1997), Ladbroke Grove (1999) and Hatfield (2000). After these incidents Railtrack’s cost spiralled out of control, to remedy this situation which would ultimately lend to the company collapsing and being purchased by the government. By purchasing Railtrack when the company was being heavily criticised and by renaming it Network Rail it was seen as a favourable action because Railrack was in such a bad state it could only improve by being taken over. Network Rail are currently investing ? 800 million into the railway tracks every to improve and maintain the tracks, in 2006 alone the company spent ? billion on engineering projects improving stations, track and the efficiency of the railway industry. The company has also used this money to acquire state-of-the-art technology and invest large amounts of money in machinery such as ballast cleaners, the high-output train and track-relaying train. Spending this amount of money on the railway shows current and potential passengers that the company is very dedicated to maintaining and improving the railway and the services they provide. Weaknesses: During the Christmas period of 2007 Network Rail planned maintenance to take place whilst passenger levels would be low with the expectation of the work being complete by New Years Eve. However this maintenance work got delayed and passengers were advised to check travelling schedules before attempting the go to their destination. The delays lasted for a total of 3 days and the service resumed to normal on 2nd January 2008. These delays heavily affected passengers as well as operating companies such as Virgin trains as 50,000 people had booked tickets to travel on 31st January. By not informing the operating companies of the maintenance work they had planned for the holiday period they have damaged their relationship with the operating companies. They have also damaged their relationship with passengers as the delays hindered them from getting to spend the holiday period with their families. The derailments which occurred at Grayrigg, Potters Bar and Epsom have affected the reputation of Network Rail as they have accepted responsibility for the incidents. As a result of this the Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) are currently conducting an investigation in to the incident and criminal charges may be brought. In the eyes of the public these incidents may bring back memories of the accidents at Southall, Ladbroke Grove and Hatfield and the public may begin to question the maintenance work which is being carried out on the railways. Network Rail announced at the beginning of 2008 that they would be raising train ticket fares. The regulated fares which included season tickets increased by an average of 4. % and many unregulated fares were set to rise by much more. The increase in ticket prices did not go down well with consumer groups who said the rises were unjustified, but train operators claimed the rises were needed to improve the railway and its services. Opportunities: Network Rail has the opportunity to transform Britain’s railway. They are trying to do this with their current projects such as: †¢Providing faste r journeys between London, Manchester and Glasgow – Investing into the UK’s busiest railway line, the West Coast. In the last two years the London-Manchester journey time has come down by over 30 minutes. Vital work continues in 2008 to reduce the bottleneck at Trent Valley and to improve capacity through Rugby and Nuneaton. †¢Improving communications between train drivers and signallers – Investing ? 1. 2 billion in building a nationwide system which enables train drivers and signallers to communicate securely at all times. This is an important safety improvement for the railway. Upgrading London’s transport network – Plans to upgrade the Thameslink route – A vital north-south artery through London – are progressing and the company plans to build world class stations in the UK’s capital. †¢Changing the face of Scotland's railway – Plans to re-introduce the railway line between Airdrie and Bathgate. This is in addition to the redevelopment of Edinburgh Waverley station which is already underway Network Rail is also planning to have a lar ge programme of investment for the London 2012 Olympic Games. By raising the fares on train tickets Network rail have the potential to have an increased net profit at the end of 2008. If the company figures show more profit than the previous this means the company has more money to invest into the railways. Threats: The threats that Network Rail face are fines from the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR) for the delays to train services over the Christmas period. Network Rail have already incurred 2 fines from the ORR ? 2. 4m during Christmas in 2006 following signalling problems at Portsmouth and a record ? 4m for engineering overrunning during the New Year of 2008. By not meeting the standards of the ORR Network Rail will continue to incur fines, by having to pay fines costing millions of pounds they are losing money which they could use to invest back into the railways. Another threat which Network Rail faces is the threat of passengers deciding to travel by car and also companies wanting to use Lorries to transport goods (road haulage). Road ha ulage is the use of heavy goods vehicle’s to transport products and materials from place to place. This could happen if railway lines get congested or routes are closed due to maintenance work or lack of use. PESTLE Analysis Political: Network Rail has to follow the rules of the Office of Rail Regulation (ORR). If they do not adhere to the rules and regulations of the ORR, they could face a fine which could result in the company paying millions of pounds. With England being part of the European Union (EU) Network Rail can buy and sell materials from any country in the EU because the has lowered the trade barriers. Economic The railways can be used to transport goods all over the country. Some of the benefits of using a train to transport goods are: †¢Faster than lorries/trucks †¢Trains have multiple carriages so a number of goods can be delivered at once †¢It’s cheaper than using lorries/trucks As well as being part of the EU, Britain can trade materials with countries outside of the EU. Being able trade goods with a number of countries allows Network Rail to negotiate better deals on goods. The inflated price of fuel and the introduction of the low emission zone may increase the demand for railway industry. As the inflation arise the costs of living increases therefore the price of using the railway must be at the price that the country can afford. Often delays to the passengers and delivering goods may costs the individuals and businesses, which may impact on the UK economy. Social With Network Rail increasing the prices of train tickets at the beginning of the year consumers were not happy with the unjustified price increase, however operators said that the price increase would mean that more money would be spent on the trains, railways and other services. The railway system is a system that will always be needed in England because the trains reduce journey times and some trains produce lower emission fumes than cars. Having fast trains means passengers can get from place to place within 3 hours. Since network Rail has been investing money over the last 2 year the journey time from London to Manchester as decreased by over 30 minutes Technological Network Rail have used large sums of money to purchase state of the art echnology to help improve the communication between train drivers and signallers to communicate securely at all times, which is very an important part of railway safety. They have also invested money in machinery such as ballast cleaner, the high-output train and track-relaying train. Spending large sums of money to improve communication and improve the railway shows that Network Rail are trying to the railways and other components up to date. Legal Network Rail need to follow the rules and regulations of transport or rai lway acts which have been set by the government. The modern railway statutes are: †¢Railways Act 1993 †¢Competition Act 1998 (insofar as it confers competition powers on the Office of Rail Regulation) †¢Transport Act 2000 †¢Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 †¢Railways Act 2005 The company is accountable to a body of Members through its corporate constitution, to its commercial train operator customers through its contracts with them (the contracts are subject to regulatory oversight), and to the public interest through the statutory powers of the Office of Rail Regulation. The Office of Rail Regulation in turn operates within the overall transport policy set by the UK Department for Transport Environmental Being a company which is governed Network Rail need to be seen as acting environmentally friendly. In an article written by The Times Newspaper (2007) the title for the article reads â€Å"Rail industry admits that it’s often greener for families to travel by car†. This statement means that travelling by car is less harm to the environment then travelling by train. Network Rail has a social responsibility to keep pollution emissions low as the government is currently working towards reducing the carbon emissions in the UK to slow down global warming. â€Å"Modern diesel-powered trains are so polluting that a family of three or more would be responsible for at least double the carbon dioxide emissions on many routes when travelling by rail compared with driving in a typical medium-sized car. † Source: http://travel. timesonline. co. uk/tol/life_and_style/travel/article2067255. ece

Cement Industry of Ethiopia

Contact Us Mr Abdissa Adugna – Secretary General Tel: +251-11-5156144, 5506043 – Fax +251-11-5508935 P. O. Box: 12898 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia E-mail: [email  protected] org. et [email  protected] org. et [email  protected] org. et [email  protected] org. et The Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is organizing the All-African Leather Fair (AALF) 2008 which will take place in Addis Ababa from February 20-22, 2013.It will bring together tanners, footwear and other leather goods manufacturers, equipment and technology suppliers, chemical and inputs suppliers, manpower training institutions, trade promotion organizations, etc from all over the world. African companies and organizations are expected to constitute the largest attendance. The Fair is a specialized one designed to promote the African leather industry and to enable it create an interface with its partners within the continent and around the world.It will also offer the opportunity for business persons in the industry to meet and to talk face to face and to get immediate feedback on their prospective businesses. It will enhance their access to new markets and it will also provide a comprehensive forum for increased business in leather, leather products and the allied industries notably chemicals, machinery, components and accessories. Ethiopia has a successful track record in organizing specialized leather fairs.The Meet in Africa 2004 Leather Fair was one of such Fairs which was able to draw the participation of more than 270 Ethiopian and international exhibitors and more than 3000 international visitors. Organizing of specialized leather trade fairs similar to the All-African Leather Fair (AALF) 2013 will serve as a vehicle to promote the wealth that Africa has in the sector by making a platform available where the industry can showcase its exportable items to the world market. About Us Background and Organizational HistoryEthiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is a nonprofit trade association of the leather industries businesses. ELIA works to enhance and improve the leather industries business climate by promoting export of leather, shoes and leather goods and garment, protecting the rights of members, and assisting businesses to improve. ELIA was first founded in 1994 as the Ethiopian Tanners Association. In the year 2004 the name was changed to the Ethiopian Tanners, Footwear and Leather Products Manufacturing Association to allow footwear and leather garments and articles full participation in the Association.The name was again changed, as of January 2007 to the Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA). ELIA Incorporates Footwear, Leather Garments & Goods and Tanners operating in the country. Vision To be the premier association spearheading the emergence of the Ethiopian leather industry as a key global player representative of its members who are producing and exporting first choice leather and leather products. MissionThe E thiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is a trade association of leather industries interested companies. ELIA works to enhance and improve the leather industries business climate. It is a recognized and respected representative and proponent of the leather industries in Ethiopia. Principal Objectives Promote and foster the interests of the leather industry Promote cooperation among its members and establish good working relations with other stakeholders in the value chain Represent its members in ational, regional and international forums Maintaining close working relationship with the government and help in creating and sustaining enabling environment for the industry Reflect the common interests of its members in negotiations with any institutions or individuals that work support the development of the leather industry Enhance the development of high standards in industrial ethics and quality of products Coordinate industry endeavors in environmental care and protection C oordinate the industry’s participation in enhancing social activities such as welfare, control of HIV/AIDS, alleviating gender related problems, youth unemployment, etc. Services Advocacy with regard to the industry’s views in administrative matters Coordinate capacity building activities through training programs, panel discussions, pilot project development, etc. Provides market information to its members Coordinates international trade fair participation of members Organizes All African Leather Fair (AALF) Coordinates industry’s role in sector problems Represents the industry in partnerships with donors, counter part organizations, etc. supporting similar initiatives Values and Principles The following values and guiding principles of ELIA have been adapted:Members-centered (empowerment, solidarity, participatory, need-based, culture, etc. ) Fairness and Equality, Moral ðical integrity Transparency & Accountability Good governance, independence Communicati on & Collaboration, Gender equality Environmental consciousness Sustainability, Impact Member Profiles MEMBERS The 37 members of the Ethiopian Leather Industries Association produce a wide range of goods for buyers throughout the world, from top of the line semi-processed and finished leather, to beautiful apparel, shoes and accessories. Please contact the following companies directly for more information concerning the many leather goods and accessories available from Ethiopia. Please download the profiles here.

Healthy Lifestyle

Healthy Lifestyle In a perfect world we would all be  eating the right food,  exercising, sleeping well  and just generally enjoying life. In the real world most of us manage a percentage of the  healthy lifestyle  and muddle through as best we can with the rest of it. Part of the problem is we are encouraged to think, mostly by the media, that we should be doing everything possible towards a healthy lifestyle, all of the time. For most of us this is just not possible. Constant concern about what we should or shouldn't be doing causes our stress levels to go up and that negates any good work that we've done. Yes, we should certainly try for a healthy lifestyle, but the two key words are â€Å"moderation† and â€Å"balance†. By applying these criteria to achieving a healthy lifestyle we won't be beating ourselves up for failing another diet or dropping out of the latest exercise regime. A common mistake that many people make when they decide to adopt a healthy lifestyle is to try to do too much too soon. They then give themselves a guilt complex when it all falls apart. It is also easy to be influenced by others, when we should only be adopting a healthy lifestyle plan to suit ourselves. Ah! Did I say lifestyle plan? Do you have one, or do you just try the next thing that is in your magazine or Sunday supplement? By all means read these articles and take them into account as you  plan how you want your healthy lifestyle to take shape. Leading a healthy lifestyle doesn't mean you have got to run a mile before breakfast, eat seeds and think pure thoughts. Great if that's what you want, but for most of us â€Å"healthy† means being in reasonable shape, eating our fruit and vegetables and generally having a feeling of vitality. Decide on your definition of a healthy lifestyle, and then plan a strategy that works for you. As part of my health plan I decided I wanted to walk in the mornings before breakfast, but there was no way I wanted to get up at the crack of dawn to do it. So I planned a ten minute circuit that includes a short flight of steps and a not too steep incline. I power walked that route every day and felt really good. Sure l wouldn’t make the City to Surf marathon, but I compromised and made it work for me. Today, much is made of organic foods, but the reality is that organic food is generally more expensive and well out of the range for most budgets. Yes organic is probably the best option, but it doesn't mean that if you're not eating all organic you are not eating right. If you're concerned about general produce, be a bit discerning when you shop. Look for fruit and vegetables that are fresh and unblemished. You should also buy product brands that you can trust. If you shop wisely, you can have a well-balanced healthy diet that won't break the bank. Basically living a healthy life means looking at your lifestyle as a whole, it is not just about diet and exercise. It is not always necessary to make major changes. Most people know their weak spots, and are happy if they can make a few changes that show results. A friend of mine was drinking several cans of soft drink a day. She was feeling tired and generally under the weather. When I read an article about the health risk of soft drink I copied it and gave it to her, whereupon she decided to give up the soft drink there and then. A week later she got back to me and said she couldn't believe the difference, her energy levels were up and she was feeling great. Just that one change was able to make a difference and she feels good about the healthy choice. Sleep and leisure time play a big part in a healthy lifestyle,   and for the most part people underestimate the value of good sleep. Our bodies aren’t designed to operate at peak performance twenty four hours a day. Anyone in industry knows that machines that have to work continuously need a lot of maintenance. When we are sleeping our body is healing and regenerating itself and we should wake up feeling refreshed and revitalized. We can go without sleep for extended periods, but we can't do it indefinitely. The amount of sleep an individual needs varies a great deal, and there is no such thing as the right time to sleep. Obviously most people sleep at night, but if you are one of those folk that comes alive in the small hours, you might need to catch up with your sleep during the day. A big part of healthy living is being comfortable with yourself. Don't be pressured into trying to attain a certain look, or push yourself down a career path you are not suited to. Constant worry about what you are doing will only have the opposite effect on your health. Don't get paranoid about your  diet,  about what toothpaste you should use or about expensive exercise equipment you need to buy. Allow a common sense approach to dictate when you are making lifestyle choices, and remember, there is nothing wrong with compromise if it means your healthy lifestyle plan will work for you. Article source : http://www. wellbeing-information. com/article-healthy-lifestyle. html Healthy Lifestyle Healthy Lifestyle In a perfect world we would all be  eating the right food,  exercising, sleeping well  and just generally enjoying life. In the real world most of us manage a percentage of the  healthy lifestyle  and muddle through as best we can with the rest of it. Part of the problem is we are encouraged to think, mostly by the media, that we should be doing everything possible towards a healthy lifestyle, all of the time. For most of us this is just not possible. Constant concern about what we should or shouldn't be doing causes our stress levels to go up and that negates any good work that we've done. Yes, we should certainly try for a healthy lifestyle, but the two key words are â€Å"moderation† and â€Å"balance†. By applying these criteria to achieving a healthy lifestyle we won't be beating ourselves up for failing another diet or dropping out of the latest exercise regime. A common mistake that many people make when they decide to adopt a healthy lifestyle is to try to do too much too soon. They then give themselves a guilt complex when it all falls apart. It is also easy to be influenced by others, when we should only be adopting a healthy lifestyle plan to suit ourselves. Ah! Did I say lifestyle plan? Do you have one, or do you just try the next thing that is in your magazine or Sunday supplement? By all means read these articles and take them into account as you  plan how you want your healthy lifestyle to take shape. Leading a healthy lifestyle doesn't mean you have got to run a mile before breakfast, eat seeds and think pure thoughts. Great if that's what you want, but for most of us â€Å"healthy† means being in reasonable shape, eating our fruit and vegetables and generally having a feeling of vitality. Decide on your definition of a healthy lifestyle, and then plan a strategy that works for you. As part of my health plan I decided I wanted to walk in the mornings before breakfast, but there was no way I wanted to get up at the crack of dawn to do it. So I planned a ten minute circuit that includes a short flight of steps and a not too steep incline. I power walked that route every day and felt really good. Sure l wouldn’t make the City to Surf marathon, but I compromised and made it work for me. Today, much is made of organic foods, but the reality is that organic food is generally more expensive and well out of the range for most budgets. Yes organic is probably the best option, but it doesn't mean that if you're not eating all organic you are not eating right. If you're concerned about general produce, be a bit discerning when you shop. Look for fruit and vegetables that are fresh and unblemished. You should also buy product brands that you can trust. If you shop wisely, you can have a well-balanced healthy diet that won't break the bank. Basically living a healthy life means looking at your lifestyle as a whole, it is not just about diet and exercise. It is not always necessary to make major changes. Most people know their weak spots, and are happy if they can make a few changes that show results. A friend of mine was drinking several cans of soft drink a day. She was feeling tired and generally under the weather. When I read an article about the health risk of soft drink I copied it and gave it to her, whereupon she decided to give up the soft drink there and then. A week later she got back to me and said she couldn't believe the difference, her energy levels were up and she was feeling great. Just that one change was able to make a difference and she feels good about the healthy choice. Sleep and leisure time play a big part in a healthy lifestyle,   and for the most part people underestimate the value of good sleep. Our bodies aren’t designed to operate at peak performance twenty four hours a day. Anyone in industry knows that machines that have to work continuously need a lot of maintenance. When we are sleeping our body is healing and regenerating itself and we should wake up feeling refreshed and revitalized. We can go without sleep for extended periods, but we can't do it indefinitely. The amount of sleep an individual needs varies a great deal, and there is no such thing as the right time to sleep. Obviously most people sleep at night, but if you are one of those folk that comes alive in the small hours, you might need to catch up with your sleep during the day. A big part of healthy living is being comfortable with yourself. Don't be pressured into trying to attain a certain look, or push yourself down a career path you are not suited to. Constant worry about what you are doing will only have the opposite effect on your health. Don't get paranoid about your  diet,  about what toothpaste you should use or about expensive exercise equipment you need to buy. Allow a common sense approach to dictate when you are making lifestyle choices, and remember, there is nothing wrong with compromise if it means your healthy lifestyle plan will work for you. Article source : http://www. wellbeing-information. com/article-healthy-lifestyle. html Healthy Lifestyle A healthy diet is one that helps maintain or improve health. It is important for the prevention of many chronic illnesses and other health risks such as: †¢ obesity †¢ heart disease †¢ diabetes †¢ cancer etc A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate amounts of all nutrients, and an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide variety of diets that may be considered healthy diets. There are a number of diets and recommendations by numerous medical and governmental institutions that are designed to promote certain aspects of health. However the most recommended diet is a BALANCED DIET. This diet is even indorsed and recommended by the World Health Organization A balanced diet is a diet that includes appropriate amount of nutrients especially the five major food groups. These five major food groups have been designed and put on a food pyramid to make it easier to understand. It is made up of †¢ carbohydrates †¢ vitamins and minerals †¢ proteins †¢ sugars and fats †¢ water The problem with eating unhealthy foods is  it makes you crave even more junk food. A  handful of chips usually leave you wanting more. Once you break the cycle of unhealthy eating, it’s easier to maintain good eating habits which lead to weight loss. Junk food includes foods such as hamburgers, hot dogs, ice cream, cake, hot chips and pizza etc Unhealthy food not only makes one prone to more illnesses, but they can slow down a child’s development. Smoking and regular drinking are also unhealthy. Smoking can cause lung and respiratory diseases, loss of memory as well as skin, nail and teeth damage. Drinking on the other hand can cause serious cases of liver damage, blurred vision and one can even become dependent on this substance. I advise you stay away from any drinking and smoking. So, next time when someone offers you a smoke or a drink, rather take a glass of clean and fresh water! Stay safe! 1. Not smoking 2. Healthy weight 3. Eating healthy – minimum 5 vegetables and fruit per day 4. Exercising 30 minutes, 5 times per week 5. Sleeping for at least eight hours The following five countries participated in the global Youth Tobacco Survey: Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zimbabwe (Global Youth Tobacco Survey Collaborative Group 2002). The survey showed a significant number of youths age 13 to 15 smoked cigarettes; many more used other tobacco products. Upper Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #1 Shoulder & Chest This can be performed kneeling or standing. Clasp hands behind back and straighten arms. Raise hands as high as possible and bend forward from the waist and hold. Stretch #2 Arm Across Chest Place one arm straight across chest. place hand on elbow and pull arm towards chest and hold. Repeat with other arm. Stretch #3 Triceps Stretch Place one hand behind back with elbow in air. Place other hand on elbow and gently pull towards head. Hold and repeat with other arm. [pic] Lower Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #4 Glute Stretch Sitting on floor with right leg bent, place right foot over left leg. Place left arm over right leg so elbow can be used to push right knee. Hold and repeat for other side. Stretch #5 Adductor Stretch Stand with feet as wide apart as is comfortable. Shift weight to one side as knee bends. Reach towards extended foot and hold. Repeat for other side. Stretch #6 Single Leg Hamstring Place leg out straight and bend the other so your foot is flat into your thigh. Bend forward from the waist keeping your back flat. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #7 Standing Quadriceps Standing on one leg grab the bottom of one leg (just above ankle). Pull heel into buttocks and push the hips out. Your thigh should be perpendicular to the ground. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #8 Standing Calf Place feet in front of each other about 18 inches apart. Keep back leg straight and heel on the floor. Push against a wall to increase the stretch. Hold and repeat with other leg. Healthy Lifestyle A healthy diet is one that helps maintain or improve health. It is important for the prevention of many chronic illnesses and other health risks such as: †¢ obesity †¢ heart disease †¢ diabetes †¢ cancer etc A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate amounts of all nutrients, and an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide variety of diets that may be considered healthy diets. There are a number of diets and recommendations by numerous medical and governmental institutions that are designed to promote certain aspects of health. However the most recommended diet is a BALANCED DIET. This diet is even indorsed and recommended by the World Health Organization A balanced diet is a diet that includes appropriate amount of nutrients especially the five major food groups. These five major food groups have been designed and put on a food pyramid to make it easier to understand. It is made up of †¢ carbohydrates †¢ vitamins and minerals †¢ proteins †¢ sugars and fats †¢ water The problem with eating unhealthy foods is  it makes you crave even more junk food. A  handful of chips usually leave you wanting more. Once you break the cycle of unhealthy eating, it’s easier to maintain good eating habits which lead to weight loss. Junk food includes foods such as hamburgers, hot dogs, ice cream, cake, hot chips and pizza etc Unhealthy food not only makes one prone to more illnesses, but they can slow down a child’s development. Smoking and regular drinking are also unhealthy. Smoking can cause lung and respiratory diseases, loss of memory as well as skin, nail and teeth damage. Drinking on the other hand can cause serious cases of liver damage, blurred vision and one can even become dependent on this substance. I advise you stay away from any drinking and smoking. So, next time when someone offers you a smoke or a drink, rather take a glass of clean and fresh water! Stay safe! 1. Not smoking 2. Healthy weight 3. Eating healthy – minimum 5 vegetables and fruit per day 4. Exercising 30 minutes, 5 times per week 5. Sleeping for at least eight hours The following five countries participated in the global Youth Tobacco Survey: Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zimbabwe (Global Youth Tobacco Survey Collaborative Group 2002). The survey showed a significant number of youths age 13 to 15 smoked cigarettes; many more used other tobacco products. Upper Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #1 Shoulder & Chest This can be performed kneeling or standing. Clasp hands behind back and straighten arms. Raise hands as high as possible and bend forward from the waist and hold. Stretch #2 Arm Across Chest Place one arm straight across chest. place hand on elbow and pull arm towards chest and hold. Repeat with other arm. Stretch #3 Triceps Stretch Place one hand behind back with elbow in air. Place other hand on elbow and gently pull towards head. Hold and repeat with other arm. [pic] Lower Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #4 Glute Stretch Sitting on floor with right leg bent, place right foot over left leg. Place left arm over right leg so elbow can be used to push right knee. Hold and repeat for other side. Stretch #5 Adductor Stretch Stand with feet as wide apart as is comfortable. Shift weight to one side as knee bends. Reach towards extended foot and hold. Repeat for other side. Stretch #6 Single Leg Hamstring Place leg out straight and bend the other so your foot is flat into your thigh. Bend forward from the waist keeping your back flat. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #7 Standing Quadriceps Standing on one leg grab the bottom of one leg (just above ankle). Pull heel into buttocks and push the hips out. Your thigh should be perpendicular to the ground. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #8 Standing Calf Place feet in front of each other about 18 inches apart. Keep back leg straight and heel on the floor. Push against a wall to increase the stretch. Hold and repeat with other leg. Healthy Lifestyle Healthy Lifestyle In a perfect world we would all be  eating the right food,  exercising, sleeping well  and just generally enjoying life. In the real world most of us manage a percentage of the  healthy lifestyle  and muddle through as best we can with the rest of it. Part of the problem is we are encouraged to think, mostly by the media, that we should be doing everything possible towards a healthy lifestyle, all of the time. For most of us this is just not possible. Constant concern about what we should or shouldn't be doing causes our stress levels to go up and that negates any good work that we've done. Yes, we should certainly try for a healthy lifestyle, but the two key words are â€Å"moderation† and â€Å"balance†. By applying these criteria to achieving a healthy lifestyle we won't be beating ourselves up for failing another diet or dropping out of the latest exercise regime. A common mistake that many people make when they decide to adopt a healthy lifestyle is to try to do too much too soon. They then give themselves a guilt complex when it all falls apart. It is also easy to be influenced by others, when we should only be adopting a healthy lifestyle plan to suit ourselves. Ah! Did I say lifestyle plan? Do you have one, or do you just try the next thing that is in your magazine or Sunday supplement? By all means read these articles and take them into account as you  plan how you want your healthy lifestyle to take shape. Leading a healthy lifestyle doesn't mean you have got to run a mile before breakfast, eat seeds and think pure thoughts. Great if that's what you want, but for most of us â€Å"healthy† means being in reasonable shape, eating our fruit and vegetables and generally having a feeling of vitality. Decide on your definition of a healthy lifestyle, and then plan a strategy that works for you. As part of my health plan I decided I wanted to walk in the mornings before breakfast, but there was no way I wanted to get up at the crack of dawn to do it. So I planned a ten minute circuit that includes a short flight of steps and a not too steep incline. I power walked that route every day and felt really good. Sure l wouldn’t make the City to Surf marathon, but I compromised and made it work for me. Today, much is made of organic foods, but the reality is that organic food is generally more expensive and well out of the range for most budgets. Yes organic is probably the best option, but it doesn't mean that if you're not eating all organic you are not eating right. If you're concerned about general produce, be a bit discerning when you shop. Look for fruit and vegetables that are fresh and unblemished. You should also buy product brands that you can trust. If you shop wisely, you can have a well-balanced healthy diet that won't break the bank. Basically living a healthy life means looking at your lifestyle as a whole, it is not just about diet and exercise. It is not always necessary to make major changes. Most people know their weak spots, and are happy if they can make a few changes that show results. A friend of mine was drinking several cans of soft drink a day. She was feeling tired and generally under the weather. When I read an article about the health risk of soft drink I copied it and gave it to her, whereupon she decided to give up the soft drink there and then. A week later she got back to me and said she couldn't believe the difference, her energy levels were up and she was feeling great. Just that one change was able to make a difference and she feels good about the healthy choice. Sleep and leisure time play a big part in a healthy lifestyle,   and for the most part people underestimate the value of good sleep. Our bodies aren’t designed to operate at peak performance twenty four hours a day. Anyone in industry knows that machines that have to work continuously need a lot of maintenance. When we are sleeping our body is healing and regenerating itself and we should wake up feeling refreshed and revitalized. We can go without sleep for extended periods, but we can't do it indefinitely. The amount of sleep an individual needs varies a great deal, and there is no such thing as the right time to sleep. Obviously most people sleep at night, but if you are one of those folk that comes alive in the small hours, you might need to catch up with your sleep during the day. A big part of healthy living is being comfortable with yourself. Don't be pressured into trying to attain a certain look, or push yourself down a career path you are not suited to. Constant worry about what you are doing will only have the opposite effect on your health. Don't get paranoid about your  diet,  about what toothpaste you should use or about expensive exercise equipment you need to buy. Allow a common sense approach to dictate when you are making lifestyle choices, and remember, there is nothing wrong with compromise if it means your healthy lifestyle plan will work for you. Article source : http://www. wellbeing-information. com/article-healthy-lifestyle. html Healthy Lifestyle A healthy diet is one that helps maintain or improve health. It is important for the prevention of many chronic illnesses and other health risks such as: †¢ obesity †¢ heart disease †¢ diabetes †¢ cancer etc A healthy diet involves consuming appropriate amounts of all nutrients, and an adequate amount of water. Nutrients can be obtained from many different foods, so there are a wide variety of diets that may be considered healthy diets. There are a number of diets and recommendations by numerous medical and governmental institutions that are designed to promote certain aspects of health. However the most recommended diet is a BALANCED DIET. This diet is even indorsed and recommended by the World Health Organization A balanced diet is a diet that includes appropriate amount of nutrients especially the five major food groups. These five major food groups have been designed and put on a food pyramid to make it easier to understand. It is made up of †¢ carbohydrates †¢ vitamins and minerals †¢ proteins †¢ sugars and fats †¢ water The problem with eating unhealthy foods is  it makes you crave even more junk food. A  handful of chips usually leave you wanting more. Once you break the cycle of unhealthy eating, it’s easier to maintain good eating habits which lead to weight loss. Junk food includes foods such as hamburgers, hot dogs, ice cream, cake, hot chips and pizza etc Unhealthy food not only makes one prone to more illnesses, but they can slow down a child’s development. Smoking and regular drinking are also unhealthy. Smoking can cause lung and respiratory diseases, loss of memory as well as skin, nail and teeth damage. Drinking on the other hand can cause serious cases of liver damage, blurred vision and one can even become dependent on this substance. I advise you stay away from any drinking and smoking. So, next time when someone offers you a smoke or a drink, rather take a glass of clean and fresh water! Stay safe! 1. Not smoking 2. Healthy weight 3. Eating healthy – minimum 5 vegetables and fruit per day 4. Exercising 30 minutes, 5 times per week 5. Sleeping for at least eight hours The following five countries participated in the global Youth Tobacco Survey: Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, and Zimbabwe (Global Youth Tobacco Survey Collaborative Group 2002). The survey showed a significant number of youths age 13 to 15 smoked cigarettes; many more used other tobacco products. Upper Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #1 Shoulder & Chest This can be performed kneeling or standing. Clasp hands behind back and straighten arms. Raise hands as high as possible and bend forward from the waist and hold. Stretch #2 Arm Across Chest Place one arm straight across chest. place hand on elbow and pull arm towards chest and hold. Repeat with other arm. Stretch #3 Triceps Stretch Place one hand behind back with elbow in air. Place other hand on elbow and gently pull towards head. Hold and repeat with other arm. [pic] Lower Body Flexibility Exercises Stretch #4 Glute Stretch Sitting on floor with right leg bent, place right foot over left leg. Place left arm over right leg so elbow can be used to push right knee. Hold and repeat for other side. Stretch #5 Adductor Stretch Stand with feet as wide apart as is comfortable. Shift weight to one side as knee bends. Reach towards extended foot and hold. Repeat for other side. Stretch #6 Single Leg Hamstring Place leg out straight and bend the other so your foot is flat into your thigh. Bend forward from the waist keeping your back flat. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #7 Standing Quadriceps Standing on one leg grab the bottom of one leg (just above ankle). Pull heel into buttocks and push the hips out. Your thigh should be perpendicular to the ground. Hold and repeat with the other leg. Stretch #8 Standing Calf Place feet in front of each other about 18 inches apart. Keep back leg straight and heel on the floor. Push against a wall to increase the stretch. Hold and repeat with other leg.